Verbena xutha
gulf vervain
Photo credit: Larry Allain, U.S. Geological Survey
Photo credit: Billie L. Turner Plant Resources Center at The University of Texas at Austin
Photo credit: Larry Allain, U.S. Geological Survey
Photo credit: Larry Allain, U.S. Geological Survey
Photo credit: Larry Allain, U.S. Geological Survey
Family
Verbenaceae
Leaf Arrangement
opposite
Leaf Attachment
sessile
Leaf Margin
pinnatifid
Leaf Type
simple
Leaf Shape
oblong, lanceolate, ovate
Growth Form
forb
Flower Color
blue, purple
Flower Month
March - October
Height (meters)
0.3 - 0.9
Milky Sap
No
Armed/Unarmed
Unarmed
Origin
native
Lifespan
annual
Growing Season
Warm season
Known Parish Occurrences
Acadia, Assumption, Avoyelles, Bienville, Bossier, Caddo, Calcasieu, Cameron, Catahoula, Concordia, De Soto, East Baton Rouge, East Carroll, Grant, Iberia, Jefferson, Lafayette, LaSalle, Lincoln, Madison, Morehouse, Natchitoches, Orleans, Ouachita, Pointe Coupee, Rapides, Red River, Richland, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. Martin, St. Mary, St. Tammany, Tensas, Terrebonne, Union, Vermilion, Vernon, West Feliciana, Winn
- plant occurs in parish
Prairie Coefficient of Conservatism
3
Cultural Information
Seed germination is improved by cold/moist or cold/dry stratification (Steffen 1997).
Animal Use
The following information is for the genus Verbena: Animals that eat its seeds: Stilt sandpiper, Lark bunting, Cardinal, Junco, Field sparrow, Song sparrow, Swamp sparrow, Tree sparrow, White-crowned sparrow. Animals that the plant: Cottontail rabbit (Martin et al. 1951).
Habitat
Dry mostly sandy soil of beaches, fields, roadsides, and backland prairies throughout Louisiana and east Texas..