Pontederia cordata

pickerelweed, pickerel rush
Family

Pontederiaceae

Leaf Arrangement

alternate

Leaf Attachment

petiolate

Leaf Margin

entire

Leaf Type

simple

Leaf Shape

lanceolate, cordate, deltoid, ovate, triangular

Growth Form

forb, emergent aquatic, aquatic

Flower Color

blue, purple

Flower Month

May - October

Height (meters)

0.3 - 1.0

Milky Sap

No

Armed/Unarmed

Unarmed

Origin

native

Lifespan

perennial

Growing Season

Warm season


Wetland Class

OBL

Wetland Coefficient of Conservatism

7

Prairie Coefficient of Conservatism

1

Field Characters

Heart-shaped leaves. Purple petals with yellow dots. Veins flat or embedded in leaf, not obvious (no primary veins, secondary veins visible and parallel).

Cultural Information

Seeds germinate best in water under diffuse light. They should be stored in water at 34-38 degrees F. (1-3 C). If stored dry they should be pretreated by placing in water at 34-38 degrees F for 30 days (Muenscher 1936).

Animal Use

The seeds of pickerel weed are eaten by waterfowl and muskrats (Holmes 1990). Nutria also eat the seeds.

Natural History

The Acadian French name for pickerel weed is "langue du boeuf," or "bull tongue," a name also used for Sagittaria lancifolia (Holmes 1990). The name results from the leaf shape.

Habitat

Marshes, ditches in shallow water, and wet places.